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The popular model annelid Enchytraeus albidus is only one species in a complex of seashore white worms (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)

The white worm Enchytraeus albidus Henle, 1837 (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae) is easy to keep in laboratory cultures, and has therefore been employed as a model organism in basic and applied biological research. Its natural habitat includes terrestrial …

A new Scandinavian Chamaedrilus species (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae), with additional notes on others

Chamaedrilus (earlier referred to as Cognettia) is a well-known genus of terrestrial and limnic enchytraeids, currently with 19 known species in the world. Some of its species are morphologically cryptic and can only be identified using genetic (DNA) …

Green light to an integrative view of Microscolex phosphoreus (Dugès, 1837) (Annelida: Clitellata: Acanthodrilidae)

The small synanthropic and peregrine earthworm Microscolex phosphoreus (Dugès, 1837) is reported for the first time from Siberia. Morphological and DNA barcode (COI) analyses of this and widely separate samples worldwide demonstrate that, as …

Two new bioluminescent Henlea from Siberia and lack of molecular support for Hepatogaster (Annelida, Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)

Two bioluminescent enchytraeids, Henlea petushkovi sp. n. and Henlea rodionovae sp. n., are described from the Krasnoyarsk and Irkutsk regions in Eastern Siberia. These large potworms exhibit the typical light-production pattern reported repeatedly …

Hybridisation and species delimitation of Scandinavian Eisenia spp. (Clitellata: Lumbricidae)

The earthworms Eisenia fetida and E. andrei are closely related and can hybridise under laboratory conditions, but it is not known if they hybridise under more natural conditions. The two species are genetically well separated, but within E. fetida …

Cryptic diversity in supposedly species-poor genera of Enchytraeidae (Annelida: Clitellata)

Using a two-step workflow, we test the species boundaries in three genera of enchytraeid worms, Globulidrilus, Hemifridericia and Stercutus (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae), which contains one to three nominal species each. For the species discovery …

Integrative species delimitation and phylogeny of the branchiate worm Branchiodrilus (Clitellata, Naididae)

The clitellate branchiate genus Branchiodrilus presently includes three nominal species with a mainly tropical distribution. A recent molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Naidinae suggested that species complexes may occur within the genus. In order …

How to deal with cryptic species in Enchytraeidae, with recommendations on taxonomical descriptions

During the 12th International Symposium on Enchytraeidae, held in Tihany, Hungary (27–29 June 2016), the participants discussed cryptic species, i.e., species that are morphologically so similar that they are classified as the same species (Bickford …

Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of the genus Limnodrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae)

Limnodrilus species are annelid worms distributed worldwide in various freshwater sediments. The systematics of Limnodrilus has chiefly been based on morphology, but the genus has not been subject to any closer phylogenetic studies over the past two …

Placing the forgotten: On the positions of Euenchytraeus and Chamaedrilus in an updated enchytraeid phylogeny (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae)

The phylogeny of Enchytraeidae was re-estimated to establish the relationships of the now resurrected Chamaedrilus and Euenchytraeus and to confirm their status as separate taxa. The former Cognettia (Enchytraeidae) was recently revised and split …